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Suplementos—Unidade 7—Parte A


Gramática—O imperativo

GramáticaO imperativo. Authored by: Craig stokes. LicenseCC BY: Attribution

In this part of Unidade 7, there is an activity where you are tasked with telling someone how to make yoga poses. However, we have never formally learned how to make commands. Let’s remedy this here!

To make it simple, we will only cover the command forms that correspond to você and vocês. If you watch the video later in this supplement, you will understand that the tu commands and the você commands are interchangeable in Brazilian Portuguese. Therefore, let’s concentrate on one form—você.

Exemplos

Here are examples of commands using the verbs in the yoga activity.

  • Dobrar—to fold/bend
    Dobre os joelhos lentamente. —Bend your knees slowly.
  • Esticar—to stretch
    *Estique os braços acima da cabeça. —Stretch your arms above your head.
  • Segurar—to hold
    Segure a posição por cinco respirações.—Hold the position for five breaths.
  • Apontarto point
    Aponte
    os dedos para o céu enquanto inspira profundamente. —Point your fingers toward the sky while breathing deeply.
  • Unirto unite/put together
    Una as palmas das mãos no centro do peito. —Put your hands together in the center of your chest.

*Notice the spelling change from -c- to -qu-

Regras gerais

As a general rule, the command is going to come from the «eu» form of the present tense. Find that form, remove the -o, and change the ending vowels from -AR to -ER/-IR, and vice-versa. Check out the examples below.

Exemplos

Start with the infinitive, find the «eu» form, remove the -o, and switch endings.

  • Falar
    • Eu falo
      • fal-
        • Fale!
  • Beber
    • Eu bebo
      • beb-
        • Beba!
  • Partir
    • Eu parto
      • part-
        • Parta!

 


Verbs with irregularities in the «eu» form will follow this pattern.

  • Fazer
    • Eu faço
      • faç-
        • Faça!
  • Vir
    • Eu venho
      • venh-
        • Venha!
  • Ter
    • Eu tenho
      • tenh-
        • Tenha!

Cuidado! Some verbs don’t have an «-o» to remove. We need to memorize those forms. 

  • Saber
    • Eu sei
      • Saiba!
  • Ser
    • Eu sou
      • Seja!
  • Ir
    • Eu vou
      • Vá! (although it is common to use the «tu» form «vai!»)
  • Dar
    • Eu dou 
      • Dê!

 

Negative commands

We focus on only você commands because it is easy to make negative commands. Just add «não».

 

Exemplos

Here are some examples of negative commands.

  1. Não faça barulho na biblioteca.
  2. Não tenha medo de perguntar.
  3. Não coma tão rápido.
  4. Não toque nos objetos sem permissão.
  5. Não deixe os documentos em casa.
  6. Não diga mentiras.

 

 

Plural commands

If we are talking to more than one person, we will use vocês. Simply add -m to the command form.

 

Exemplos

Formas plurais (i.e., vocês)

  1. Cantem com alegria!
  2. Escrevam seus nomes na folha.
  3. Saiam da sala em silêncio.
  4. Não tenham pressa.
  5. Digam a verdade sempre.
  6. *Não vão embora antes do fim da atividade.

    *Note: The verb «ir» has an irregular form. 

Watch this video for a thorough lesson on the imperative.

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YouTube video. LicenseAll Rights ReservedLicense Terms: Standard YouTube license


Exercícios

Prática 1

Original exercise created by Craig R. Stokes

Prática 2

Original exercise created by Craig R. Stokes

Prática 3

Original exercise created by Craig R. Stokes

Prática 4

Original exercise created by Craig R. Stokes

Prática 5

Original exercise created by Craig R. Stokes


Revisão de vocabulário

Original exercise created by Craig R. Stokes

 

Original exercise created by Craig R. Stokes

 

Original exercise created by Craig R. Stokes

 

Original exercise created by Craig R. Stokes

License

Icon for the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Elementary Portuguese Copyright © by Craig Stokes is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

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