Suplementos—Unidade 8—Parte A
Gramática—O futuro
Gramática—O futuro. Authored by: Craig stokes. License: CC BY: Attribution
In this part of Unidade 8, we see how to talk about the future by using the verb «ir» followed by another verb in the infinitive. First, let’s remember the forms of the verb in the present tense.
O verbo Ir
eu vou
tu vais
ela/ele/você vai
a gente vai
nós vamos
elas/eles/vocês vão
Now well see some examples of the future.
Exemplos: O futuro perifrástico
O futuro perifrástico (using the verb IR)
Eu vou viajar ao Porto. —I am going to travel to Porto.
Tu vais provar a francesinha. —You are going to try the francesinha (a typical sandwich from Porto).
Ela vai dormir até tarde amanhã. —She is going to sleep until late tomorrow.
Nós vamos ficar nesse hotel. —We are going to stay at that hotel.
Vocês não vão voltar ainda. —You are not going to return yet.
This is the everyday way of talking about the future. We do the same in English. There is a formal future tense with new verb endings. We will not practice this, but it will be presented here.
O futuro simples
Nosso modelo é o verbo falar
eu falarei
tu falarás
ela/ele/você falará
a gente falará
nós falaremos
elas/eles/vocês falarão
Verb endings
The simple future is generally formed by adding these endings to the infinitive.
eu –ei
tu –ás
ela/ele/você –á
a gente –á
nós –emos
elas/eles/vocês –ão
Here are the previous examples using the simple future.
Exemplos: O futuro simples
O futuro simples
Eu viajarei ao Porto. —I will travel to Porto.
Tu provarás a francesinha. —You will try the francesinha (a typical sandwich from Porto).
Ela dormirá até tarde amanhã. —She will sleep until late tomorrow.
Nós ficaremos nesse hotel. —We will stay at that hotel.
Vocês não voltarão ainda. —You will not return yet.
The verbs dizer, fazer, and trazer employ shortened infinitive forms. See the following examples.
Dizer/Fazer/Trazer no futuro
Dizer
The infinitive dizer is reduced to dir-, giving us the following verb forms:
- direi
- dirás
- dirá
- diremos
- dirão
Fazer
The infinitive fazer is reduced to far-, giving us the following verb forms:
- farei
- farás
- fará
- faremos
- farão
Trazer
The infinitive trazer is reduced to trar-, giving us the following verb forms:
- trarei
- trarás
- trará
- traremos
- trarão
Notes for my fellow Spanish speakers
The periphrastic future
- There are two differences between Spanish and Portuguese.
- We do not use the preposition «a» between «ir» and the infinitive.
Spanish: Voy a estudiar.
Portuguese: Vou estudar. - We do not use the verb «ir» twice to talk about where we are going to go.
Spanish: Vamos a ir a la playa mañana.
Portuguese: Vamos à praia amanhã.
- We do not use the preposition «a» between «ir» and the infinitive.
The simple future
- The simple future forms in both languages are formed in very similar ways.
- Reflexive pronouns are commonly inserted between the two verbs, something that is impossible in Spanish.
- Spanish: Ella va a maquillarse/Ella se va a maquillar.
- Portuguese: Ela vai se maquiar.
- Portuguese has three irregular forms while Spanish has many more (haber, tener, saber, venir, etc.).
- In very formal Portuguese, object pronouns are inserted between the infinitive and the future endings. This does not exist in modern Spanish. Here is one example just for demonstration.
- Spanish: Yo te lo diré.
- Portuguese: Eu dir-to-ei.
- As mentioned, this is very formal, more common in Portugal, and usually only found in written form. In everyday use, we would say something like: Eu vou te dir.
For more information from a native Brazilian speaker, watch the video below.
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Exercícios
Prática 1
Original exercise created by Craig R. Stokes
Prática 2
Original exercise created by Craig R. Stokes
Revisão de vocabulário
Original exercise created by Craig R. Stokes
Original exercise created by Craig R. Stokes
Original exercise created by Craig R. Stokes
